Skip to main content

Single chain Fv antibodies in depression treatment

Hi,

1.ScFv therapy serves as a powerful and potential therapeu-tic tool in neurodegenerative diseases that are particularly associated with the accumulation of misfolded protein ag-gregates, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Huntington’s disease (HD)

2.sin-gle-chain fragment variable antibodies (scFvs) to target the pathological protein aggregates, such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, α-synuclein (α-syn) and Huntingtin (Htt).

3.Pros  of scFvs
a.)maintain the antigen-binding activity, affinity and specificity of full-sized antibodies.
b)Since scFv is smaller in size, it permits better penetra-tion for tissues that are hardly or inaccessible to conventional monoclonal antibodies .
c.)it can de-grade easily in human body, which leads to shorter half-lives and promotes rapid elimination from bloodstream
d)scFvs which lack FC fragment also show minimised immunogenicity as a cellular immune response is commonly triggered by the binding of FC region to the com-plement proteins .

4.ScFvs therapy in-

a. Parkinson- The use of  scFvs  in  preventing  α-synuclein accumulation  has emerged as  an  immunotherapy strategy against  PD.
D5- Target-in vitro SDS generated dimeric  and tetrameric α-syn
        Findings-Eliminates the toxicity and aggregates of oligomeric α-syn present in post-mortem human PD brain tissue and CSF samples

D10-    Target-Human monomeric wild-          type α-syn
         Findings-Stabilizes detergent-    soluble monomeric α-syn

b.Alzheimer:scFv  has  been  designed  to  target  amyloid-β  peptide  aggregation.
antibody-
Phage-displayed b4.4
Findings-
neutralizes the toxicity of Aβ-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs) in SH-SY5Y cell line .

C.Huntington's :he use of scFv, which binds to specific epitopes of hu-man huntingtin, could reduce the aggregation, hence it has the potential to decrease the cytotoxicity of mutant Htt and the misfolded huntingtin, in turns delay the progression of HD. .

Target:17 N-terminal Htt

Antibody:Phage displayed C4
Findings:Reduces expanded huntingtin fragments in organotypic slice cul-tures of the cortico-striatum .

Conculsion:ScFv  is  a  valuable  intrabody technology  that  is  used  to study a  wide  range  of neurological  disorders  because  increasing  evidence  has  demonstrated  that scFv  is  highly  specific  in  targeting against  abnormal  protein aggregate

Thanks for reading this post. Keep sharing.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

review lithium as mood stabilizer

1.Lithium as a mood stabilizer has been used as the standard pharmacological treatment for Bipolar Disorder (BD)   2.Recent studies have also shown that it has the potential for the treatment of many other neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease, through its neurotrophic, neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. -- Therefore, exploring its pharmacokinetic features and designing better lithium preparations are becoming important research topics.  ---Lithium is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Its level is initially highest in serum and then is evidently redistributed to various tissue compartments. It is not metabolized and over 95% of lithium is excreted unchanged through the kidney, but different lithium preparations may have different pharmacokinetic features. Lithium has a narrow therapeutic window limited by various adverse effects, but some no...
Post a Comment
Read more

Brain connectivity improves human aesthetic responses to music

Brain connectivity improves human aesthetic responses to music Abstract: 1. white matter connectivity between sensory processing areas in the superior temporal gyrus and emotional and social processing areas in the insula and medial prefrontal cortex explains individual differences in reward sensitivity to music. 2.  findings provide the first evidence for a neural basis of individual differences in sensory access to the reward system, and suggest that social–emotional communication through the auditory channel may offer an evolutionary basis for music making as an aesthetically rewarding function in humans. 3.carried out by -- Using a combination of survey data, behavioral and psychophysiological measures and diffusion tensor imaging, Conclusion: Results from diffusion tensor imaging show that white matter connectivity between auditory perceptual regions (pSTG) and regions of the brain important for emo- tional and social processing (aIns, mPFC) reflect individual diffe...
Post a Comment
Read more

Why soldiers used psychoactive drugs?

Soldiers used psychoactive drugs to : 1.improve performance  of soldiers by suppressing hunger, increasing the ability to sustain effort without food 2. increasing and lengthening wakefullness . 3.suppressing fear, reducing empathy, and improving reflexes and memory-recall,  4. Improve concrntration focus  5.  Endure will power  Cases of used drugs 1. Benzedrine was claimed to have been administered by allied forces during WWII esp. by the US --Germany and Japan used methamphetamine. Panzerschokolade  (Methamphetamine) during  WWII  by Nazi Germany In WWII, cocaine was considered for inclusion as an ingredient of a future generation of "pep pills" code named  D-IX  for the German military. [34] COMMONLY used drugs 1. Modafinil - increases alert ness 2. Amphetamine 3. Sleeping pills 4. Cocaine : pep pills as DX2 by Nazi 's 5.  Methamphetamine 6.  Morphine ---reduces pain and injuries 7.  Tilofibrate---anticoagulan...
Post a Comment
Read more