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Single chain Fv antibodies in depression treatment

Hi,

1.ScFv therapy serves as a powerful and potential therapeu-tic tool in neurodegenerative diseases that are particularly associated with the accumulation of misfolded protein ag-gregates, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Huntington’s disease (HD)

2.sin-gle-chain fragment variable antibodies (scFvs) to target the pathological protein aggregates, such as amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, α-synuclein (α-syn) and Huntingtin (Htt).

3.Pros  of scFvs
a.)maintain the antigen-binding activity, affinity and specificity of full-sized antibodies.
b)Since scFv is smaller in size, it permits better penetra-tion for tissues that are hardly or inaccessible to conventional monoclonal antibodies .
c.)it can de-grade easily in human body, which leads to shorter half-lives and promotes rapid elimination from bloodstream
d)scFvs which lack FC fragment also show minimised immunogenicity as a cellular immune response is commonly triggered by the binding of FC region to the com-plement proteins .

4.ScFvs therapy in-

a. Parkinson- The use of  scFvs  in  preventing  α-synuclein accumulation  has emerged as  an  immunotherapy strategy against  PD.
D5- Target-in vitro SDS generated dimeric  and tetrameric α-syn
        Findings-Eliminates the toxicity and aggregates of oligomeric α-syn present in post-mortem human PD brain tissue and CSF samples

D10-    Target-Human monomeric wild-          type α-syn
         Findings-Stabilizes detergent-    soluble monomeric α-syn

b.Alzheimer:scFv  has  been  designed  to  target  amyloid-β  peptide  aggregation.
antibody-
Phage-displayed b4.4
Findings-
neutralizes the toxicity of Aβ-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs) in SH-SY5Y cell line .

C.Huntington's :he use of scFv, which binds to specific epitopes of hu-man huntingtin, could reduce the aggregation, hence it has the potential to decrease the cytotoxicity of mutant Htt and the misfolded huntingtin, in turns delay the progression of HD. .

Target:17 N-terminal Htt

Antibody:Phage displayed C4
Findings:Reduces expanded huntingtin fragments in organotypic slice cul-tures of the cortico-striatum .

Conculsion:ScFv  is  a  valuable  intrabody technology  that  is  used  to study a  wide  range  of neurological  disorders  because  increasing  evidence  has  demonstrated  that scFv  is  highly  specific  in  targeting against  abnormal  protein aggregate

Thanks for reading this post. Keep sharing.

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