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Bipolar disorder - An Introduction

                          Bipolar disorder - An Introduction 

Defination:A disorder associated with episodes of mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs.

Etiology:1. due to decreased sensitivity of alpha adrenoceptors causes increased noradrenergic activity in manic people.
2. Genetic: polymorphisms in TPH2 were identified as being associated with bipolar disorder.Hetrogencity is main cause.
3. Environmental : HARSH\ harassing tratment to child or due to post taumatic surgery.
4.neurological: Temporal lobe epilepsy, trauma, hiv infection etc.

Symptoms:
  • Abnormally upbeat, jumpy or wired
  • Increased activity, energy or agitation
  • Exaggerated sense of well-being and self-confidence (euphoria)
  • Decreased need for sleep
  • Unusual talkativeness
  • Racing thoughts
  • Distractibility
  • Poor decision-making — for example, going on buying sprees, taking sexual risks or making foolish investment
drugs used -- mood stabilizers include lithium (Lithobid), valproic acid (Depakene), divalproex sodium (Depakote), carbamazepine (Tegretol, Equetro, others) and lamotrigine (Lamictal).

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