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Neuropharmacolgy : A brief account

                                         **Neuropharmacology**
 
 Hi guys welcome to my blog .Here I will introduce a topic called neuropharmacology in a precise manner.
   So lets start, 

   1) What is neuropharmacology?
Ans:   Neuropharmacology is the study of how drugs affect the nervous system or neural connections which show changes at two level viz 1. molecular 2. behavioural
                     
  2 ) What are its types ?
Ans: 1) Molecular :Molecular neuropharmacology involves the study of neurons and their neurochemical interactions, and receptors on neurons, with the goal of developing new drugs that will treat neurological disorders such as pain, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychological disorders
           2)  Behavioural : It deals with study of drug dependence and how drug addiction occurs .The drug addiction takes place on the part of brain called nucleus accumbens .

3) What is molecular neuropharmacology?
             Neural disorder are caused due to 
         1.Insufficent amount of neurotransmittor.
               eg . Dopamine-- Parkinson's disease
                      Acetycholine--Alzheimer disease 
                       Serotonin ---Depression
                        GABA---multiple sclerosis/ muscle spasms
         2. Defected receptor  where neurotransmitor bind and   
               generates specific impulse.
              eg: defective acetylcholine receptor causes Myasthenia  
                         gravis
 certain drugs act as agonist( that causes therapeutic effect on binding with receptor)  or antagonist taht causes opposite effect 
on binding with receptor .
 
   4. What is behavioural neurophamacology ?
Consider stimulants : Drugs that are psychoactive, such as cannabis, alcohol, ecstasy and heroin, have the ability to affect your mood. They can arouse certain emotions or dampen down others. This may be why you use them. The changes in your mood or behaviour caused by drugs are the result of changes to your brain.
  Too much amount of   dopamine may produce nervousness, irritability, aggressiveness, and paranoia that may cause schizophrenia, as well as the hallucinations and bizarre thoughts of schizophrenia.
     The use of cocaine and MA increases the amount of available dopamine in the brain, which leads to mood elevation (e.g., feelings of elation or euphoria) and increased motor activity. for cocaine, the effects are short-lived; with MA the duration of effect is much longer. As the stimulant level in the brain decreases, the dopamine levels comes to normal, and the pleasurable feelings dwindle away tremors and paralysis of Parkinson's disease.
             
Psychologically, cocaine's chronic effects are exactly the opposite of the desired initial effects. Continued cocaine use increases paranoia and confusion and causes an inability to concentrate and an inability to perform sexually. The same substance that acutely produced a mild sensation of arousal and decreased fatigue, on a chronic basis results in chest pain, insomnia, anorexia, episodic depression, and extreme fatigue





 
                                              
                
      

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