Neuropsypharmacology

Brain connectivity improves human aesthetic responses to music Abstract: 1. white matter connectivity between sensory processing areas in the superior temporal gyrus and emotional and social processing areas in the insula and medial prefrontal cortex explains individual differences in reward sensitivity to music. 2.  findings provide the first evidence for a neural basis of individual differences in sensory access to the reward system, and suggest that social–emotional communication through the auditory channel may offer an evolutionary basis for music making as an aesthetically rewarding function in humans. 3.carried out by -- Using a combination of survey data, behavioral and psychophysiological measures and diffusion tensor imaging, Conclusion: Results from diffusion tensor imaging show that white matter connectivity between auditory perceptual regions (pSTG) and regions of the brain important for emo- tional and social processing (aIns, mPFC) reflect individual diffe...

1.Lithium as a mood stabilizer has been used as the standard pharmacological treatment for Bipolar Disorder (BD)   2.Recent studies have also shown that it has the potential for the treatment of many other neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease, through its neurotrophic, neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions. -- Therefore, exploring its pharmacokinetic features and designing better lithium preparations are becoming important research topics.  ---Lithium is rapidly and completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration. Its level is initially highest in serum and then is evidently redistributed to various tissue compartments. It is not metabolized and over 95% of lithium is excreted unchanged through the kidney, but different lithium preparations may have different pharmacokinetic features. Lithium has a narrow therapeutic window limited by various adverse effects, but some no...